中国科学院昆明动物研究所机构知识库

物种丰富度和物种分布格局的相关研究能够为生物地理学研究以及物种保护策略的制订提供帮助，因而在生态学领域内长期受到关注。一个地区的鸟类物种组成对于了解群落现状十分重要，因此栖息地中物种组成的空间变化规律可以为局部分布的物种研究和保护计划提供依据。物种多样性的加性分配是当前研究人员应用较多的方法，因为它有助于分析物种多样性在多个空间尺度上的变化。本研究在肯尼亚的Gongoni森林保护区、Shimba Hills国家级保护区、Tsavo East国家公园、Tsavo West西部国家公园和Chyulu Hills国家公园进行。本课题的研究目标是评估这些地点的物种组成、丰富性和物种周转率，以及影响鸟类物种分布的因素。通过无限制半径点计数、雾网法、机会观察法和来自肯尼亚鸟类地图网站的额外数据进行数据收集，以建立每个地点的物种构成。我们利用EstimateS软件对物种丰富估计分析、应用PCORD进行聚类和排序分析的估计，以及应用R软件进行了多样性加性分配分析。我们的研究结果显示，与其他研究地点相比，Chyulu Hills具有更高的物种丰富度和更快的物种替换率。这些地点也根据它们在物种构成上的相似性，被分成三个物种库。我们建议在这些地点增加更多的保护措施，特别是存在受威胁物种和特有的物种。此外，我们的工作还需要后续的深入研究。

Species richness and distribution patterns continue to attract attention in the field of ecology as understanding of these concepts is useful in setting a scene for biogeographical studies and conservation prioritization strategies. The bird species composition of an area is important in bringing out the communities present thus spatial variation in species composition within habitats helps in planning and protection of species based on their local distribution. Additive diversity partitioning method is an approach that is gaining popularity among ecologists as it aids in analyzing spatial patterns of species diversity change over multiple spatial scales. This study was carried out in Gongoni Forest Reserve, Shimba Hills National Reserve, Tsavo East and West National Parks and Chyulu Hills National Park. Our aim was to assess the species composition, richness and turnover among these sites and also factors influencing the bird species distribution. Data was collected through unlimited radius point counts, mist-netting, opportunistic observation and additional data from Kenya Bird map website to build up the species composition per site. The data was analyzed using EstimateS for species richness estimation, PCORD for cluster and ordination analyses and R software for additive diversity partitioning. Our results revealed that Chyulu Hills had a high number of species richness and rapid species turnover compared to the other study sites. The sites were also grouped into three species pools based on their similarity in species composition. We recommended that more conservation strategies should be put in place in these sites especially due to the presence of threatened and endemic species. We also recommended that more research to be done as a continuation of our work.