Diffusive coevolution and mutualism maintenance mechanisms in a fig-fig wasp system

KIZ OpenIR > 实验与理论生态学

	Diffusive coevolution and mutualism maintenance mechanisms in a fig-fig wasp system
	Wang RW[*]1; Sun BF 1,2; Zheng Q 1,3; ruiwukiz@hotmail.com
	2010
发表期刊	ECOLOGY
ISSN	0012-9658
卷号	91 期号:5 页码:1308-1316
合作性质	其它
摘要	In reciprocal mutualism systems, the exploitation events by exploiters might disrupt the reciprocal mutualism, wherein one exploiter species might even exclude other coexisting exploiter species over an evolutionary time frame. What remains unclear is how such a community is maintained. Niche partitioning, or spatial heterogeneity among the mutualists and exploiters, is generally believed to enable stability within a mutualistic system. However, our examination of a reciprocal mutualism between a fig species (Ficus racemosa) and its pollinator wasp (Ceratosolen fusciceps) shows that spatial niche partitioning does not sufficiently prevent exploiters from overexploiting the common resource (i.e., the female flowers), because of the considerable niche overlap between the mutualists and exploiters. In response to an exploiter, our experiment shows that the fig can (1) abort syconia-containing flowers that have been galled by the exploiter, Apocryptophagus testacea, which oviposits before the pollinators do; and (2) retain syconia-containing flowers galled by Apocryptophagus mayri, which oviposit later than pollinators. However, as a result of (2), there is decreased development of adult non-pollinators or pollinator species in syconia that have not been sufficiently pollinated, but not aborted. Such discriminative abortion of figs or reduction in offspring development of exploiters while rewarding cooperative individuals with higher offspring development by the fig will increase the fitness of cooperative pollinating wasps, but decrease the fitness of exploiters. The fig fig wasp interactions are diffusively coevolved, a case in which fig wasps diversify their genotype, phenotype, or behavior as a result of competition between wasps, while figs diverge their strategies to facilitate the evolution of cooperative fig waps or lessen the detrimental behavior by associated fig wasps. In habitats or syconia that suffer overexploitation, discriminative abortion of figs or reduction in the offspring development of exploiters in syconia that are not or not sufficiently pollinated will decrease exploiter fitness and perhaps even drive the population of exploiters to local extinction, enabling the evolution and maintenance of cooperative pollinators through the movement between habitats or syconia (i.e., the metapopulations).
关键词	Apocryptophagus Spp. Ceratosolen Fusciceps Coevolution Exploiter Ficus Racemosa Fig-fig Wasp Systems Metapopulation Mutualism Niche Partitioning Pollination Species Coexistence Xishuangbanna Yunnan China
资助者	This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu. ; This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu. ; This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu. ; This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu.
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助者	This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu. ; This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu. ; This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu. ; This program was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (2007CB411600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30670272, 30770500, 10761010), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (2009CD104), and the West Light Foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Support was also received from the Yunnan provincial government (20080A001) and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (0902281081) to D. W. Yu.
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kiz.ac.cn/handle/152453/2771
专题	实验与理论生态学遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室
通讯作者	ruiwukiz@hotmail.com
作者单位	1.Ecology, Conservation, and Environment Center (ECEC), State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, Yunnan 650223 China 2.Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101 China 3.School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang 310000 China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Wang RW[*],Sun BF,Zheng Q,et al. Diffusive coevolution and mutualism maintenance mechanisms in a fig-fig wasp system[J]. ECOLOGY,2010,91(5):1308-1316.
APA	Wang RW[*],Sun BF,Zheng Q,&ruiwukiz@hotmail.com.(2010).Diffusive coevolution and mutualism maintenance mechanisms in a fig-fig wasp system.ECOLOGY,91(5),1308-1316.
MLA	Wang RW[*],et al."Diffusive coevolution and mutualism maintenance mechanisms in a fig-fig wasp system".ECOLOGY 91.5(2010):1308-1316.

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