Insight into human sex ratio imbalance: the more boys born, the more infertile men
Cheng HH1; Shang X1; He Y1; Zhang T1; Zhang YP2; Zhou RJ*1
2007
发表期刊REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
ISSN1472-6483
卷号15期号:5页码:487-494
摘要

This study investigated, through large-scale statistical analysis of the global population, whether the human sex ratio is skewing worldwide, and if so, why and how it shifts, and the impact of any shift on human reproduction. A significant imbalance of the sex ratio was observed in the whole human population, resulting in a vicious circle where the more boys born, the more infertile men occur as a consequence of the adjustment of the human sex ratio. It is proposed that both accelerated degeneration of the Y chromosome and dynamically differential fertilization of the egg by the X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa may contribute to the changing structure of the human population, suggesting a potential selection pressure favouring an alternative sex-determining/differentiation system for the human species: the DMRT] gene on the autosome may tend to replace the SRY gene on tile Y chromosome as a master sex-determining gene during evolution. These viewpoints may open a debate on the future of the human race, and assist in guiding diagnostic, prognostic and preventive treatments of human infertility and in defining population policy.

关键词Adaptation Evolution Male Infertility Population
资助者The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018.
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资助者The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018. ; The work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Key Basic Research project (2006CB102103), the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University and the 111 project #B06018.
文献类型期刊论文
条目标识符http://ir.kiz.ac.cn/handle/152453/4233
专题科研部门_分子进化与基因组多样性(张亚平)
细胞与分子进化开放实验室
作者单位1.Department of Genetics and Centre for Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072
2.Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, People’s Republic of China
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Cheng HH,Shang X,He Y,et al. Insight into human sex ratio imbalance: the more boys born, the more infertile men[J]. REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE,2007,15(5):487-494.
APA Cheng HH,Shang X,He Y,Zhang T,Zhang YP,&Zhou RJ*.(2007).Insight into human sex ratio imbalance: the more boys born, the more infertile men.REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE,15(5),487-494.
MLA Cheng HH,et al."Insight into human sex ratio imbalance: the more boys born, the more infertile men".REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE 15.5(2007):487-494.
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