Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a pleiotropic factor, playing important roles in the nervous system. However，the exact role of HGF in the process of early neural system development are not clear yet, especially in the mammal, the study about that lacks. We have previously produced highly enriched (88.3±8.1%) transplantable population of neural progenitor from rhesus monkey embryonic stem cells (rESCs) using an EB system containing HGF and G5 supplement. However, the exact role of HGF in the neural differentiation process as well as the relationshipt between HGF and other factors are not clear yet. Here, we ameliorated the previous differentiation system, sustituting adherent monoculture system for EB differentiation system and substituting bFGF for G5 supplement. The rESCs were inducted to differentiate toward neural cells in adherent monoculture system containing both HGF and bFGF, either HGF or bFGF alone or neither of them, and then the effete of HGF on Proliferation capability of the neural progenitors derived from rESCs was tested. Our stuy aimed at studying the exact role of HGF in the neural differentiation process as well as the relationship between HGF and bFGF. The results are shown as follows: 1. we efficiently produced population of neural progenitors (>85%) from rESCs in adherent monoculture system containing HGF and bFGF within two weeks，and a much simpler method of inducing rESCs differentiation towards neural cells has been established. 2. we got similar rates of the neural progenitors with the systems containing both HGF and bFGF, either HGF or bFGF alone, and even neither of them, which implied that extrinsic HGF can not determine the neural fate of the rESCs in the differentiation. 3. HGF with bFGF synergistically promoted the proliferation of the neural progenitors derived from rESCs.
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