黄臀鹎能量生态学研究

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	黄臀鹎能量生态学研究
	陈欣
学位类型	硕士
导师	杨岚
	1988
学位授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
学位授予地点	北京
关键词	黄臀鹎脂肪蛋白质生态学
摘要	我们运用测定能量物质-脂肪，蛋白质和糖的储存量的方法对黄臀鹎（Pycnonotus xanthorrhous Anderson）能量物质的全年变化和季节性早晚变化以及几个重要的生理时期——越冬期，繁殖期和换羽期能量物质的利用状况及其适应意义进行了比较全面的研究，并与别人的研究结果进行了比较，得出以下主要结论。（1）在黄臀鹎夜间能量物质的消耗中，以脂肪的消耗量最大，肝糖提供的能量极少，在繁殖期和换羽期飞翔肌蛋白质在夜间大量分解以提供鸟体的需要。（2）在冬季，黄臀鹎脂肪储存量为全年最高值，其变化对季节性气温的变化非常敏感，同时，以提高脂肪的储存与利用为主，对糖的储存则相应降低。（3）在繁殖期，雄鸟大量动用储存的飞翔肌蛋白质提供产生精子的某种蛋白质或氨基酸。雌鸟消耗大量的储存脂肪，以寻找高蛋白食物满足产生蛋清所需要的大量蛋白质，和为孵卵提供能量。在繁殖期的能量消耗和窝卵数的调节中，脂肪的储存量具有更重要的作用。（4）换羽期没有出现能量物质尤其是蛋白质明显下降的现象。
其他摘要	Although there have been many field studies of birds ecology, little attention has been paid to analyze the physiological changes of the annual and day cycles of birds and some important physiological periods: wintering, breeding and moulting that birds underwent from the point of energy. During 1987-1988, we worked on the annual and day cycles of P.xanthorrhous with special reference on the energy condition of reproduction, particularly attention being paid to the role of fat, protein and sugar in Kunming, Yunnan, China. P.xanthorrhous is a common and resident species in Yunnan. Kunming locates in the south of china. The weather is constant spring-like. The fluctuation of temperature is very small. The procedure used for analysis of the specimens was basically similar to that described by Ward (1969b), Jones et al (1976) and Fogden et al (1979). During breeding period, in males the length of the larger testis was measured, in females the ovary was inspected for signs of developing yolky ovoles and/or regressing post-ovulatory follicles. According to the stage of developing goand and the behavior of birds we have observed females and their mates were assigned to the following reproductive categories: mating period, prelaying period, laying period, incubation period, hatching period, post breeding period. Lipid extractions of birds were made useing petroleum ether as solvent. The lean-dry weight of flight muscle was used to indicate the birds'protein condition. The method of Seifert et al(1950) was used to estimate the glycogen of liver and muscle. After contrasting with studies made by other people, the results we derive were as follows. (1) At night, P.xanthorrhous consume the great amount of fat, the energy provived by sugar of liver is very little. During breeding and molting period, the flight muscle loses the great amount of pertein reserves to supply the needs of birds at night. (2) In winter, the fat reserves of P.xanthorrhous has the highest level all the year round. The lower the temperature is, the more the fat is. The increasing of fat is very sensible to the lower of temperature. At the same time, P.xanthorrhous increases fat reserves and utilization and neglects the reserves of sugar. (3) During breeding period, males loses the great amount of flight muscle protein to supply certain kinds of protein and amino acids that males need to produce sperm. Females consume a lot of lipids to look for protein-rich food for albumen formation and to provide energy for incubation. In breeding and regulation of cluth size, the reserves of fat is more important than those of protein and sugar. (5) In moulting period, there are no phenomena that energy materials decrease significantly.
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kiz.ac.cn/handle/152453/6235
专题	其他
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈欣. 黄臀鹎能量生态学研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,1988.

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