表面活性类物质对SCE形成和基因突变的影响

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	表面活性类物质对SCE形成和基因突变的影响
	胡嘉想
学位类型	硕士
导师	张汉云 ; 刘爱华
	1989
学位授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
学位授予地点	北京
摘要	本研究采用Salmonella typhimurium基因回复突变测试和小鼠骨髓细胞SCE分析方法，从分子水平和染色体水平对国产四种餐洗剂及其三种主要成分LABS, Dispersol D和Alkanolamide进行了潜在性诱变活性的测试。结果表明在没有代谢激活剂的情况下，四种餐洗剂和其主要成分LABS, Dispersol D均能诱发HisD3052和HisG46菌株的基因突变，与阴性对照物相比，显著性明显，Alkanolamide能致HisD3052菌株的回复突变，但对HisD46位点没有致突变效应，加入体外代谢激活物质S9后，除TL牌餐洗剂未见诱变作用处，其他三种牌号的餐洗剂及Dispersol D和LABS仍能使STY回复突变菌落的数目增加，与阴性对照物相比，差异显著，而Alkanolamide在受谢转化激活后，表现出同时能致两个菌株突变的作用，但这四种牌号的餐洗剂和三种主要成分在低于一定浓度，即相当于人日常用量时，无论有无体外激活系统，均无诱导STY基因回复突变的现象出现，SCE分析结果与溶剂对照相比，表明四种餐洗剂都具有诱发小鼠骨髓细胞SCE形成的能力。本文还观察了四种洗涤剂对细胞的性，发现小鼠经高剂灌胃后，骨髓细胞增殖速度降低。同样，四种牌号的餐洗剂和其主要成分Dispersol D，LABS在高剂量时使细菌菌落生长异常，出现针尖点状小菌落，或自然回复突变率减少，此时，本文还讨论了不同诱变效应之间可能存在的关系。
其他摘要	This research employing the techniques of Salmonella/microsome reversion assay and SCE analysis evaluates systematically the mutagenic potential of four brands household liquid detergents and three kinds of indegredients, LABS, Dipsensol D and Alkanolamide, based on the effects of these surfactants on the STY test strains with the HisD3052 and HisG46 mutations and on the SCE formation of mouse bone marrow cells. The results indicate that, in the absence of metabolic activators, these four brands detergents, LABS and Dispersol D all can significantly reverse the mutation HisD3052 and HisD46 to histidine independence, compared with negative control. Alkanolamide also can elicit the frameshift mutation, HisD3052, a positive response, but a negative effect appears in the case of the missense mutation, Otherwise, although, when implemented with exogenous source of metabolic activation, detergent TL dose not exhibit positive response in STY bioassay for mutagenic activity, the other three kinds of detergents and their three chief components, Dispersol D, Alkanolamide and LABS can induce a significant reproducible increase in number of the revervant colonies compared with negative control. Nevertheless, it is below certain doses of test material, or the equivalent exposing to human beings during their routine house works that all these test chemicals produce a negative response either with or without metabolic activation. The results of SCE analysis demonstrate that four brands detergents, compared with the solvent control, can induce the SCE formation of mouse bone marrow cells. Their cytotoxicity are observed-that the rates of bone marrow cell proflication decrease after oral administration of high-dose detergents, and for all these chemical tested, the highest doses do give an indication of toxicity as evidenced by the presence of pin-point abnormal colonies on the plates, or the reduction in the spontaneous reversion rate. In addition, the possible relationship between different mutagenic responses are disscussed.
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kiz.ac.cn/handle/152453/6244
专题	其他
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	胡嘉想. 表面活性类物质对SCE形成和基因突变的影响[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,1989.

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