The evolution of cardiolipin biosynthesis and maturation pathways and its implications for the evolution of eukaryotes

	The evolution of cardiolipin biosynthesis and maturation pathways and its implications for the evolution of eukaryotes
	Tian HF 1,2; Feng JM 1,2; Wen JF*1; wenjf@mail.kiz.ac.cn
	2012
发表期刊	BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
卷号	12 期号:X 页码:e32
摘要	Background: Cardiolipin (CL) is an important component in mitochondrial inner and bacterial membranes. Its appearance in these two biomembranes has been considered as evidence of the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria. But CL was reported to be synthesized through two distinct enzymes-CLS_cap and CLS_pld in eukaryotes and bacteria. Therefore, how the CL biosynthesis pathway evolved is an interesting question. Results: Phylogenetic distribution investigation of CL synthase (CLS) showed: most bacteria have CLS_pld pathway, but in partial bacteria including proteobacteria and actinobacteria CLS_cap pathway has already appeared; in eukaryotes, Supergroup Opisthokonta and Archaeplastida, and Subgroup Stramenopiles, which all contain multicellular organisms, possess CLS_cap pathway, while Supergroup Amoebozoa and Excavata and Subgroup Alveolata, which all consist exclusively of unicellular eukaryotes, bear CLS_pld pathway; amitochondriate protists in any supergroups have neither. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the CLS_cap in eukaryotes have the closest relationship with those of alpha proteobacteria, while the CLS_pld in eukaryotes share a common ancestor but have no close correlation with those of any particular bacteria. Conclusions: The first eukaryote common ancestor (FECA) inherited the CLS_pld from its bacterial ancestor (e. g. the bacterial partner according to any of the hypotheses about eukaryote evolution); later, when the FECA evolved into the last eukaryote common ancestor (LECA), the endosymbiotic mitochondria (alpha proteobacteria) brought in CLS_cap, and then in some LECA individuals the CLS_cap substituted the CLS_pld, and these LECAs would evolve into the protist lineages from which multicellular eukaryotes could arise, while in the other LECAs the CLS_pld was retained and the CLS_cap was lost, and these LECAs would evolve into the protist lineages possessing CLS_pld. Besides, our work indicated CL maturation pathway arose after the emergence of eukaryotes probably through mechanisms such as duplication of other genes, and gene duplication and loss occurred frequently at different lineage levels, increasing the pathway diversity probably to fit the complicated cellular process in various cells. Our work also implies the classification putting Stramenopiles and Alveolata together to form Chromalveolata may be unreasonable; the absence of CL synthesis and maturation pathways in amitochondriate protists is most probably due to secondary loss.
关键词	Cardiolipin Synthase Phylogenetic Distribution Phylogenetic Analysis Mitochondrial Endosymbiosis Eukaryotic Evolution
资助者	This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF. ; This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF. ; This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF. ; This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF.
收录类别	SCI
语种	英语
资助者	This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF. ; This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF. ; This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF. ; This work was supported by 973 Program (2007CB815705), grants (30830018, 31172081) from the NSFC, the Knowledge Innovation Program (KSCX2-EW-J- 23), and grant (2008GA002) from Yunan province to JF.
WOS记录号	WOS:000305401500001
引用统计
文献类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kiz.ac.cn/handle/152453/7053
专题	科研部门_真核细胞进化基因组（文建凡）遗传资源与进化国家重点实验室
通讯作者	wenjf@mail.kiz.ac.cn
作者单位	1.State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650223, China 2.Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	Tian HF,Feng JM,Wen JF*,et al. The evolution of cardiolipin biosynthesis and maturation pathways and its implications for the evolution of eukaryotes[J]. BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY,2012,12(X):e32.
APA	Tian HF,Feng JM,Wen JF*,&wenjf@mail.kiz.ac.cn.(2012).The evolution of cardiolipin biosynthesis and maturation pathways and its implications for the evolution of eukaryotes.BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY,12(X),e32.
MLA	Tian HF,et al."The evolution of cardiolipin biosynthesis and maturation pathways and its implications for the evolution of eukaryotes".BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 12.X(2012):e32.

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