| 树鼩APOBEC3家族及其抗HBV活性研究 | |
| 罗梦婷 | |
| 学位类型 | 硕士 |
| 导师 | 郑永唐 |
| 2016-07 | |
| 学位授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 学位授予地点 | 北京 |
| 学位专业 | 生物化学与分子生物学 |
| 关键词 | 树鼩 Apobec3 Hbv 病毒感染 动物模型 |
| 其他摘要 | 树鼩作为近年来发现的较为合适的灵长类疾病动物模型,具有与灵长类较近的亲缘关系,以及多种与人类疾病相似的疾病进程,是较具潜力的新型实验动物。目前通过对树鼩基因组分析,破解了许多树鼩基因序列,研究这些基因功能将会给树鼩动物模型的创建提供遗传学和免疫学基础。通过树鼩基因组的分析,我们发现树鼩天然免疫系统中具有5个APOBEC3限制因子。APOBEC3基因主要是细胞内识别外源核酸并进行有效G→A突变的胞嘧啶脱氨基酶,同时可以通过抑制病毒核酸合成、抑制前病毒RNA包装等作用发挥抗病毒作用,在抗病毒天然免疫中发挥了重要的作用。树鼩基因组上APOBEC3限制因子有5个成员,其数量比灵长类少,又比啮齿类多,可能使得树鼩可以被多种病毒感染,也可能因此导致某些病毒感染树鼩受到限制。本文基于树鼩APOBEC3基因的发现、进化分析、表达分析、功能分析及抗病毒机制出发,进行较为系统的研究:1. 中缅树鼩(Tupaia belangeri)有5个APOBEC3家族基因,该基因是在树鼩进化成独立物种过程中发生的,其中2个A3Z1和5个A3Z2是分别独立进化而来的,其中tsAPOBEC3G 89H位点受到正向选择。从树鼩APOBEC3 mRNA和蛋白表达谱来看,脾脏属于APOBEC3高表达组织,而肝脏中APOBEC3的表达则较低。构建树鼩APOBEC3真核表达载体后,检测其表达特性,发现树鼩APOBEC3A和APOBEC3H能够形成多聚体,提示树鼩APOBEC3A和APOBEC3H可能有更丰富的功能。相比IFN-α2β,树鼩APOBEC3 mRNA水平更易被HBV刺激表达上调,这提示着树鼩被HBV感染后可能通过不同途径来清除病毒,而树鼩APOBEC3可能不是直接的干扰素刺激基因,树鼩APOBEC3可能是清除HBV的重要蛋白。相反的,由于物种不同的原因,也可能树鼩APOBEC3不能被人干扰素刺激上调。2. 我们检测了过表达情况下树鼩APOBEC3对HBV的抗病毒作用,发现树鼩APOBEC3对培养上清中HBsAg和HBeAg的表达有抑制作用,特别是树鼩APOBEC3A和APOBEC3C对HBV DNA及cccDNA有强抑制作用,且APOBEC3A和APOBEC3C对HBV DNA的编辑作用最强,可能是树鼩APOBEC3A和APOBEC3C均可以在细胞核内表达,而其他树鼩APOBEC3则只在细胞质中表达,提示着树鼩可能不能被HBV长期感染的原因。免疫共沉淀结果显示了树鼩APOBEC3蛋白能与HBcAg相互作用,提示着树鼩APOBEC3蛋白发挥抗HBV功能可能依赖于与HBcAg的相互作用。定点突变结果显示,在APOBEC3核酸编辑活性位点处突变,仅仅一个氨基酸的不同便能导致APOBEC3基因失去抗HBV活性,这可能提示着树鼩部分能易感HBV的原因。综上所述,我们探讨了树鼩APOBEC3基因家族的进化和抗病毒功能,从APOBEC3限制因子的角度,证明了树鼩不易被HBV感染以及不能被HBV长期感染的可能原因。研究结果或将为树鼩HBV感染模型的建立提供新的思路。; The Chinese tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) has the closest relative to primates and similar diseases progress to human diseases with great potential as an experimental animal in biomedical research and modeling human diseases and therapeutic responses, recently. A pubilcly available annotated genome sequence for the Chinese tree shrew was provided by the teams of Kunming institute of Zoology and BGI. Analysis of the tree shrew genome revealed that there are five members in APOBEC3 gene family of tree shrew. The APOBEC3 genes, which recognise exogenous nucleotide sequence and incorporate G to A hypermutation, as polynucleotide cytidine deaminases play a significant role in innate immunity. They also could inhibit virus DNA synthesizing and pgRNA packaging. There are five members in APOBEC3 gene family of tree shrew, which less than that in human and more than that in rodent. It suggests that tree shrew could be infected by some kind of virus and the APOBEC3 gene might serve as a key potential barriar for some virus infection.In this study, we characterized evolution, expression, function and mechanisam of APOBEC3 in tree shrew. 1. Tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri)has five members of APOBEC3 gene, forming with the tree shrew speciation. The two A3Z1 motifs and five A3Z2 motifs evolute independently. The tsAPOBEC3G 89H site is the positive selection site. The tsAPOBEC3 mRNA expression level is high in spleen and low in liver. The tsAPOBEC3A and APOBEC3H maybe have powerful function due to they could form polymers respectively. Tree shrew maybe could eliminate HBV after infection because HBV chould induce the high level expression of tsAPOBEC3 mRNA than human IFN-α2β. The tsAPOBEC3 is a sigmificant kind of proteins, which interact with HBV and eliminate it. However, it may not the interferon-stimulated gene or it could be induced by tree shrew interferon efficiently.2. When over-expression of the tsAPOBEC3 in Huh7, they could restrict the level of HbsAg and HBeAg in supernatant. In addition, tsAPOBEC3A and tsAPOBEC3C, which located both in nucleus and cytoplasm, could restrict most HBV DNA and cccDNA synthesize. It may suggest why it is not easy to form chronic HBV infection in tree shrew. The tsAPOBEC3, which could Co-IP with HBcAg, restrict HBV replication maybe dependent on interacting with HBcAg. On the other hand, tree shrew could be infected by HBV maybe because of SNP in tsAPOBEC3. In the mutant experiment, just one amion acid mutant will make it lose the ability of inhibiting HBV replication.To sum up, we discussed about the evolution and function of anti-HBV of tsAPOBEC3. We demonstrate that it is not easy to form chronic HBV infection in tree shrew from the aspect of tsAPOBEC3. This study will offer an opportunity to decipher the tree shrew model to studing HBV infection. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 文献类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://ir.kiz.ac.cn/handle/152453/11956 |
| 专题 | 科研部门_分子免疫药理学(郑永唐) |
| 作者单位 | 1.中国科学院昆明动物研究所 2.中国科学院昆明动物研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 罗梦婷. 树鼩APOBEC3家族及其抗HBV活性研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,2016. |
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