横断山区二属三种蛙类亲缘关系及高山蛙属分类地位的研究

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	横断山区二属三种蛙类亲缘关系及高山蛙属分类地位的研究
	吕顺清
学位类型	硕士
导师	杨大同
	1991
学位授予单位	中国科学院研究生院
学位授予地点	北京
摘要	倭蛙属Nanorana和高山蛙属Altirana均为横断山高海拔地区物种，二属共计三种，即腹斑倭蛙N. ventripunctata、倭蛙N. pleskei和高山蛙A. parkeri。本文将判别分析用于数值分类，对此三种蛙的十六个外部形态指数进行了聚类分析，结果显示腹斑倭蛙与高山蛙有更大的相似性；另外，作者利用淀粉凝胶电泳分析了七种同工酶十二个位点的等位基因频率，通过UPGMA法聚类，发现倭蛙与高山蛙的亲源关系更近。两种方法都证明了高山蛙独立成属的可能性比较小。据此本文建义取消高山蛙搁属级阶元，将其并入委蛙属中。作者并从古地质、气候变迁的角度推测了此三种蛙的隔离机制：倭蛙与高山蛙的分化可能源于澜沧江两岸高山峡谷的有效隔离，而腹斑倭蛙同二者的分离则可能是横断山不均匀抬升及第四纪冰期所带来的结果。
其他摘要	Nanorana ventripunctata, N. pleskei and Altirana parkeri are three frogs distributing in the High aera of Transhimalaya Mountains. Through stepwise discriminant analysis, sixteen of eighteen external morphological indices are selected used in numerical taxonomy, and their weights are given according to the formula: W=C*1/U, where C is a coefficient used to regulate W, and U, the Wilks measure of the discriminant analysis which can reveal the systematic significance of characters. The cluster analysis of Euclidean distances calculated from the sixteen characters reveals that N. ventripunctata is more similarity with A. parkeri than with N. pleskei. the same result is acquired from the study of the skulls and the sternums of adluts and the labial teeth of tadpoles. It appears from morphology that it is not perfect to give a genus level to A. parkeri. Using starch gel electrophoresis of extracts from liver and muscle, the allele frequencies of twelve loci belong to seven isozyme have been detected. The result of UPGMA cluster analysis of the Nei's (1972) genetic distances calculated from allele frequencies reveals that the genealogical relationship between N. pleskei and A. parkeri is nearer than which between N. pleskei and N. ventripunctata. It seems that from genetic basis it is not perfect to give a genus level to A. parkeri, too. And also by these genetic distances, it is estimated that all of the three frogs diverged at about Quaternary. Based on the ideas above, it is suggested that the genus Altirana should be cancelled and parkeri should be set in the genus nanorana. At the end of this paper, it is also guessed the isolation mechanism of the three frogs from ancient geology and climate. it is suggested that the isolation of pleskei and parkeri may be a result of valid isolation of the canyons along the two bands of lancang River, and ventripunctata with the two others may be results of the un-uniform lift of Transhimalaya Mountains and the Quaternary Ice-Ages.
语种	中文
文献类型	学位论文
条目标识符	http://ir.kiz.ac.cn/handle/152453/6226
专题	其他
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吕顺清. 横断山区二属三种蛙类亲缘关系及高山蛙属分类地位的研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院,1991.

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