Using a novel acid extraction procedure．the acid—soluble proteins from a thermo—and acido-philic
archaebacterium Suifosphaerellus thermoacidophilum were isolated，and analysised by SDS-PAGE and
AUT—PAGE with the calf thymus histones．which were isolated by the same procedure，as a contro1．
The neutral Azocarmin G staining technique，which specifically stains basic chromatin protein。was used．
The results suggested that the archaebacterium owns three major basic chromatin proteins．the molecular
weight of all the basic proteins was smaUer than calf thymus histone H4 (MW 1 1 282)． Different
artchaebacterium possesses very different basic chromatin (histone—like)proteins．The biodiversity of
these proteins was very rich．The significance of their biodiversity to the origin and evolution of histone
was discussed．
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