Psychiatric disorder is one of the most severe complex diseases worldwide. Epidemiologic studies demonstrated that genetic components played pivotal roles in the etiology of many psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, but the precise pathogenic mechanisms are still unclear. So far, through genetic analyses and functional studies, many susceptible genes have been reported, such as DISC1. However, to dissect the primary cause of psychiatric disorders, there are still many unsolved questions, (1) numerous susceptibility genes cannot be successfully replicated among populations with different genetic backgrounds; (2) the reasons for the heterogeneity between different ethnic populations in genetic association analyses are unknown; (3) the roles of many susceptibility genes in brain development are still unclear.
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