分子进化与基因组多样性（张亚平）知识库

Although Leigh syndrome (LS) is a well characterized clinical mitochondrial disorder; the exact mutation is not found in all cases and it is not clear whether matrilineal background has contributed to this disease. To address this issue, we extensively studied and compared the haplogroup composition of a sample of 171 Chinese LS patients with that of 1597 controls. Our results show that haplogroup Y may increase the risk of LS in Chinese by 2.867 fold (95% CI = 1.135-7.240, P = 0.020). Haplogroup B5 has also this trend (1.737 fold, 95% CI = 0.961-3.139), but with a borderline P-value (P = 0.065). Both haplogroups belong to macrohaplogroup N and share a common reverse mutation on nudeotide position 10398 (A10398G). In fact, the combined haplogroup N with 10398G is also associated with an increased risk for LS (OR = 1.882, 95% CL = 1.134-3.124, P = 0.013).